Author:

Dushma Kumari, Vikesh Kumar
Assistant Professor (Guest Faculty)
Department of Public administration
Sardar Patel University
Mandi,Himachal Pradesh,India
Email: thakurdushma@gmail.com

Assistant Professor
Department of Public administration
Sardar Patel University
Mandi,Himachal Pradesh,India
Email: vikeshkumar@spumandi.ac.in

Abstract::Abstract:Water has been central to human civilization, shaping settlements and culture since ancient
times. India’s Indus Valley Civilization, thriving along the Saraswati River, established advanced
water management traditions. Over centuries, India developed sustainable systems such as stepwells
(baolis), ponds, and gravity-fed channels, reflecting technical skill and environmental wisdom. Today,
these systems face threats from climate change, pollution, population growth, and over-reliance on
modern infrastructure, worsening the water crisis. This study focuses on Mandi Town, the historic
capital of a princely estate in Himachal Pradesh, known for its efficient traditional water
management. Employing a mixed-method approach, the research includes field surveys, interviews,
and historical document analysis. Using purposive sampling, 170 respondents mainly elderly
residents with direct knowledge were surveyed, maintaining gender balance and emphasizing local
oral histories. Findings reveal the decline of heritage water systems due to urbanization and neglect,
alongside a growing disconnection among youth from this legacy. The study highlights the importance
of reintegrating traditional methods into modern water planning and urges policymakers to recognize
the cultural and environmental value of these systems. Ultimately, Mandi’s water heritage serves as a
model for sustainable water futures.

Key Words::Bawadies (Stepwells) Management, Mandi Town, Water Conservation etc.