Author:

Nimai Mandal
1Research Scholar
Department of History
University of North Bengal
Contact No. 8617460899

Email: nimaimandal.ind@gmail.com

Abstract::Abstract:T:The growth of print media in the nineteenth century fostered national consciousness and social
awareness among India’s educated middle class. In colonial Bengal (1872–1947), caricature emerged as
a significant cultural expression reflecting the political, social, and economic shifts under British rule.
Initially influenced by Western artistic styles introduced through colonialism, early Bengali caricatures
often mocked local elites and colonial authorities. As nationalistic movements gained momentum,
caricature evolved into a potent form of resistance, using satire to critique British policies and highlight
the exploitation of Indian society. The expansion of the vernacular press further popularized caricature,
reaching broader audiences and amplifying the voice of the masses. During the early twentieth century,
as the independence movement intensified, caricatures grew increasingly bold, exposing the absurdities of
British rule while celebrating Indian resilience and cultural identity. By 1947, caricature had become a
crucial medium of political and cultural expression. This study examines the growth of caricature in
colonial Bengal, tracing its transformation from a tool of colonial mimicry to a powerful form of protest
and cultural assertion. It explores how caricature, through visual satire, provided an alternative narrative
to the official colonial discourse, contributing to the broader nationalist struggle in Bengal and India.

Key Words::Amrita Bazar Patrika, Caricature, Colonial Bengal, Gaganendranath Tagore etc.